In the Spain of the Ancien Régime, the education of the duke's children revolved around the idea of shaping citizens capable of maintaining and extending the family lineage, as well as managing the vast estates they often inherited. From a very young age, both boys and girls of the nobility were aware of their status and the expectations placed upon them. Males, in particular, were educated to become leaders, warriors, and administrators, while females were prepared to be wives and mothers who would, in turn, perpetuate the dynasty.
The formal education of these young aristocrats began in the family environment and was supplemented with tutors and instructors. Dukes, being figures of great relevance, often had renowned educators who taught them not only conventional subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics, but also more elitist disciplines like philosophy, history, music, and languages. Mastery of Latin and French, for example, was considered essential, as these languages indicated a good level of education and a connection to the broader European culture.
The educational process was structured in such a way that the development of practical skills was prioritized. Instruction in fencing and horseback riding was common, as a noble's training was not considered complete without the necessary physical competencies for the...