During the Middle Ages, the Spanish nobility lived in castles and fortresses, buildings primarily designed for defense. Over time, the arrival of the Renaissance in the 15th century brought about a radical change in the way these spaces were conceived. The nobility began to seek not only security but also aesthetics and comfort. Thus, palaces began to incorporate more elaborate elements, influenced by Italy, where the Renaissance had reached its peak.
As prominent figures within the nobility, the dukes were pioneers in this transformation. The residences of the dukes became true works of art. For example, the Palace of the Dukes of Medinaceli in Madrid is a clear example of the transition from Gothic to Renaissance, harmoniously combining elements of both styles. Its salons, decorated with tapestries and frescoes, reflected the social status of their owners and served as places where meetings and banquets were held, allowing the dukes to showcase their power and wealth.
As the Baroque style took over the European scene in the 17th century, the ducal residences underwent further transformation. The use of space became grandiose and ostentatious. Palaces such as that of the Dukes of Alba in Madrid are brilliant examples of this era. The salons were adorned...