The participation of the Dukes in 18th century Spanish politics.

The participation of the dukes in 18th century Spanish politics represents a fascinating phenomenon that lies at the intersection of nobility, monarchy, and the social changes that would have a lasting impact on the country's history. This period, which spans from the arrival of the Bourbon dynasty on the Spanish throne with Philip V to the early years of Charles IV's reign, is characterized by a complex web of relationships between noble power and the state, in a context marked by reforms, wars, and social tensions.

The arrival of Philip V in 1700, following the War of Spanish Succession, marked a significant shift in the power structure. The consolidation of Bourbon absolutism involved an attempt to centralize government and reduce the influence of traditional institutions, among which was the nobility. However, this nobility, and particularly the dukes, did not allow themselves to be intimidated. Many of them owned vast tracts of land and wielded considerable economic power, enabling them to maintain a voice in the political sphere, despite the king's efforts to limit their influence.

The dukes of the 18th century were not mere aristocrats devoted to hunting and the arts. Their active participation in politics was essential during this period of transformation. Many of them played crucial roles in public administration and local government. The figure of the "viceroy" in the colonies and in some regions of the peninsula was often a noble, and the dukes were no exception. This allowed them to exert significant control over territories, as well as to influence strategic decisions that affected both the peninsula and the vast overseas domains.

An emblematic case is the Duke of Medinaceli, who during Philip V's reign became one of the most influential nobles of his time. Medinaceli was not only a prominent member of the court, but his...